Generally, patients in a health care facility are assumed to be in-capable of self preservation. They may be in-capable of self evacuation or are ambulatory but incapable of perceiving a fire threat and choosing a rational response. Regularly, the offered services in a modern hospital may be divided into ambulatory care, general care and intensive care based on the condition of each patient. Both ambulatory and general care patients are able to escape during a fire event either by themselves or by help of hospital staff. It is extremely difficult to evacuate intensive care patients as they are likely to be connected to life support devices. Commonly, modern hospitals are protected with sprinkler system, standpipe system and fire extinguishers. Fire alarm system is essential for almost all healthcare facilities. Large hospitals may additionally require mass notification. Hospitals also involve special hazards such as operation theaters, datacenters and cooking kitchens. Such hazards may require other types of fixed active fire suppression systems such as pre-action sprinkler system, clean agent fire extinguishing systems and kitchen hood fire suppression system.
Examples of Healthcare Facilities:
Hospitals
Medical Clinics
Medical Institutes
The education process is conducted in different properties based on the age of students. Pre-schools, schools and institutes as well as colleges and universities are examples of education properties. Different hazards are associated with those properties during fire events. School students may need their supervisors help during a fire event. On the contrary, institutes, colleges and universities are usually occupied by large number of students. Moreover, universities may include historical libraries or large stack ones. The combustible contents do differ also from a property to another one. Hence, the fixed active fire suppression and alarm systems differ in type and characteristics from property to another one also. Commonly, installation of standpipe system, fire extinguishers and fire alarm system will provide a reasonable degree of fire protection for a school. Colleges and universities are commonly associated with sprinkler system due large number of students as well as standpipe system and fire extinguishers. Mass notification and graphical representation of events are of significant importance due the large number of students in colleges and universities.
Examples of Educational Properties:
Schools
Universities
Institutes
Office buildings are used for conducting business transactions. They are commonly characterized as low hazard occupancies, however; a designer may need further assessments because such buildings may involve certain rooms that contribute a higher hazard classification due to their occupants or contents. Commonly, office buildings are protected with sprinkler system, standpipe system and fire extinguishers as well as fire alarm system. Office buildings also include special hazard rooms that require protection by other types of systems. High rise office buildings increase the challenge of fire protection. In such buildings, the occupants are totally dependants on fixed fire protection systems. The time elapsed for evacuation in those buildings is relatively higher than other buildings. Hence, in such buildings mass notification and graphical representation of fire events is essential.
Examples of Office Buildings:
Banks
Consulting firms
Governmental buildings
Since the emergence of the internet, telecommunication became one of the main pillar of modern economy. This extended to higher levels in which ordinary people can`t lose their mobile or internet coverage. Hence, a fire event in a telecommunication facility may contribute harmful effects on both business and life comfort levels. Telecommunication infrastructure involves datacenters of different sizes and capabilities. A fire event in these datacenters would result in significant economic losses and business disruption. Telecommunication equipment as well as datacenters do not interact with water as an extinguishing agent, however; portions of a telecommunication facility that do not contain telecommunication equipment may still be extinguished using water. It`s common to protect a telecommunication facility with sprinkler system, standpipe system and fire extinguishers as well fire alarm system. Rooms that contains telecommunication equipment and datacenters is normally protected by clean agent fire extinguishing systems. If impractical, high pressure water mist system is an acceptable alternative. Telecommunication cabinets may be protected with local application pre-engineered system.
Examples of Telecommunication & Datacenter Facilities:
Central Office
Cell Phone Operators
Customer Services Centers
Telecommunication cabinets
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